• View Full Article
• View Full Article PDF
• Download Citation
• Original Article
• Original Article

References

1. Blot S (2008) Limiting the attributable mortality of nosocomial infection and multidrug resistance in intensive care units. Clin Microbiol Infect 14:5–13
   
   • 
   • 
2. Kollef MH, Sherman G, Ward S, Fraser VJ (1999) Inadequate antimicrobial treatment of infections: a risk factor for hospital mortality among critically ill patients. Chest 115:462–474
   
   • 
   • 
3. Blot S, De Waele JJ (2005) Critical issues in the clinical management of complicated intra-abdominal infections. Drugs 65:1611–1620
   
   • 
   • 
4. American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America (2005) Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 171:388–416
   
   • 
5. Bouza E, Perez A, Munoz P, Jesus Perez M, Rincon C, Sanchez C, Martin-Rabadan P, Riesgo M (2003) Ventilator-associated pneumonia after heart surgery: a prospective analysis and the value of surveillance. Crit Care Med 31:1964–1970
   
   • 
   • 
6. Papadomichelakis E, Kontopidou F, Antoniadou A, Poulakou G, Koratzanis E, Mavrou E, Armaganidis A, Giamarellou H (2008) Screening for resistant gram-negative microorganisms to guide empiric therapy of subsequent infection. Intensive Care Med. doi:10.1007/s00134-008-1247-9
7. Jung B, Sebbane M, Chanques G, Courouble P, Verzilli D, Perrigault P-F, Jeanpierre H, Eledjam J-J, Jaber S (2008) Previous endotracheal aspirate allows guiding the initial treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Intensive Care Med. Doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-1248-8
8. Blot S, Depuydt P, Vogelaers D, Decruyenaere J, De Waele J, Hoste E, Peleman R, Claeys G, Verschraegen G, Colardyn F, Vandewoude K (2005) Colonization status and appropriate antibiotic therapy for nosocomial bacteremia caused by antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria in an intensive care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 26:575–579
   
   • 
   • 
9. Depuydt P, Benoit D, Vogelaers D, Claeys G, Verschraegen G, Vandewoude K, Decruyenaere J, Blot S (2006) Outcome in bacteremia associated with nosocomial pneumonia and the impact of pathogen prediction by tracheal surveillance cultures. Intensive Care Med 32:1773–1781
   
   • 
   • View ICM abstract
10. Depuydt PO, Blot SI, Benoit DD, Claeys GW, Verschraegen GL, Vandewoude KH, Vogelaers DP, Decruyenaere JM, Colardyn FA (2006) Antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial bloodstream infection associated with pneumonia and the value of systematic surveillance cultures in an adult intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 34:653–659
    
    • 
    • 
11. Michel F, Franceschini B, Berger P, Arnal JM, Gainnier M, Sainty JM, Papazian L (2005) Early antibiotic treatment for BAL-confirmed ventilator-associated pneumonia: a role for routine endotracheal aspirate cultures. Chest 127:589–597
    
    • 
    • 
12. Hayon J, Figliolini C, Combes A, Trouillet JL, Kassis N, Dombret MC, Gibert C, Chastre J (2002) Role of serial routine microbiologic culture results in the initial management of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 165:41–46
    
    • 
13. Sanders KM, Adhikari NK, Friedrich JO, Day A, Jiang X, Heyland D (2008) Previous cultures are not clinically useful for guiding empiric antibiotics in suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia: secondary analysis from a randomized trial. J Crit Care 23:58–63
    
    • 
    • 
14. Depuydt P, Benoit D, Vogelaers D, Decruyenaere J, Vandijck D, Claeys G, Verschraegen G, Blot S (2008) Systematic surveillance cultures as a toolto predict involvement of multidrug antibiotic resistant bacteria in ventilator-associated pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 34:675–682
    
    • 
    • View ICM abstract
15. Boots RJ, Phillips GE, George N, Faoagali JL (2008) Surveillance culture utility and safety using low-volume blind bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Respirology 13:87–96
    
    • 
16. Malacarne P, Corini M, Maremmani P, Viaggi B, Verdigi S (2007) Diagnostic characteristics of routine surveillance cultures of endotracheal aspirate samples in cases of late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia due to Acinetobacter baumannii. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 28:867–869
    
    • 
    • 
17. Reddy P, Malczynski M, Obias A, Reiner S, Jin N, Huang J, Noskin GA, Zembower T (2007) Screening for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae among high-risk patients and rates of subsequent bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis 45:846–852
    
    • 
    • 
18. Sreeramoju PV, Garcia-Houchins S, Bova J, Kelly CC, Patterson JE, Weber SG (2008) Correlation between respiratory colonization with gram-negative bacteria and development of gram-negative bacterial infection after cardiac surgery. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 29:546–548
    
    • 
    • 
19. Delclaux C, Roupie E, Blot F, Brochard L, Lemaire F, Brun-Buisson C (1997) Lower respiratory tract colonization and infection during severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: incidence and diagnosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 156:1092–1098
    
    •